VerifiedExact passage, cited High
Checked by the editor · 8 Oct 2026

Attributed to Sun Tzu

All warfare is based on deception.

Yes. It is Lionel Giles's 1910 translation of The Art of War, chapter I, section 18.

Source line

兵者,诡道也。

bīng zhě, guǐ dào yě.

All warfare is based on deception.

The Art of War · I. Laying Plans · §18 · tr. Lionel Giles, 1910

Explanation

Yes. The sentence is Lionel Giles's 1910 translation of The Art of War, chapter I, section 18, and the English does not outrun the Chinese. The line is five characters: 兵者,诡道也. Read in order, they say "War is the way of deception." Giles wrote "All warfare is based on deception," and that is the same sentence, not a later gloss fitted to an old book. It states the principle. Section 19 is where the disguises that follow from it are listed, one by one.

Those next clauses tell a general to seem unable when he can attack, to seem inactive when he is about to use his forces, and to swap near and far. They are the practice. Section 18 is the rule they hang on. Cite the rule as Sun Tzu, The Art of War, I.18, in the Giles translation of 1910. Do not borrow its authority for sentences that sit in another chapter, or in no chapter at all. The five characters are enough, and they are easy to check against the received text.

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